Harnessing The Internet Of Things For Global Development
Providing information created from reliable sources is one of the objectives of the Global Agriculture Development Business Trust. The Food and Agriculture Organization has published on its website entitled http://fao.com that if humankind is going to survive beyond the year 2030, somebody better figure out a way to help small farm holders deal with climate change without effecting production or further enhancing climate change issues or in our opinion - Both -
We believe the internet of things will be a huge component for change in the very near
future and intend to apply it as an important part of our proprietary "Custom-Cooperatives". Here is a full report from the United Nations on the importance of the Internet of Things in the Agriculture Production in Developing Countries.
Some interesting information n this subject can be found at:
https://www.itu.int/en/action/broadband/Documents/Harnessing-IoT-Global-Development.pdf
GADBT Helping AdjustSmall Farmholders And The Future
View GalleryThe Internet Of Things Providing Sub-Sistence
Defining the Internet of Things
After more than a decade of debate, discussion and anticipation, the ‘Internet of Things’ (IoT) is finally emerging.. As early as 2005, the ITU noted that the development of the Internet of Things as a function of our hyperconnected world encompassed a set of
technological advances from different fields — specifically, wireless and mobile connectivity, nanotechnology, radio-frequency identification (RFID) and smart sensor technologies.. 1Advances in these technologies, when combined, could help realize a miniaturized, embedded, automated Internet of connected devices communicating regularly and relatively effortlessly.. 2 Today, governments, businesses, and consumers are using the IoT and Big Data to introduce new business models, to improve the delivery of services, to increase efficiency in production, and to enhance wellbeing
and human welfare.. As with many other technologies, vendors, implementers, operators, policy-makers and regulators aim to maximize the benefits of deployment while minimizing potential risks to security and privacy..
Widely disparate definitions of the IoT exist.. The ITU has defined the IoT as “a global infrastructure for the information society, enabling advanced services by interconnecting (physical and virtual) things based on existing and evolving interoperable information and communication technologies” (Recommendation ITU-T Y..2060).. 3The IoT clearly includes M2M (referring specifically to communication directly between devices, used in a vast array of applications and for
a variety of purposes 4), but broader definitions of IoT technologies also include ambient intelligence and smart environments..
1 ITU (2005).. “ITU Internet Report 2005: The Internet of Things..” Available at: www..itu..int/osg/spu/publications/internetofthings/ and www..itu..int/osg/spu/publi-cations/internetofthings/InternetofThings_summary..pdf..
2 Opinion is divided on how many of these connected devices really need to interconnect and communicate with each other at any point of time.. Some commentators suggest only 2% of devices need to communicate (for a specific purpose).. The ‘smart environment’ vision foresees nearly all devices within an ‘environment’ communicating..
3 ITU-T Recommendation Y..2060, note, s..8..4..
4 For example, Vodafone has defined M2M as “remote wireless data inter-change between two or more devices or a central station that allows remote monitoring and control of devices and processes..” See Vodafone press release on 29 April 2010.. “M2M : A new way of working..” Available at: http://enterprise.. vodafone..com/insight_news/2010-04-29_a_new_way_of_working..jsp
For example, ABI Research separates the “digital-first” domain (e..g.. PCs and mobile devices, designed mainly as digital devices) from the “physical-first” domain (e..g.. humans and other, hitherto unconnected “things”)..
ABI Research also notes that despite the ongoing convergence of these two distinct domains, there is still only one overarching Internet through which the domains connect..5 A 2012 Machina-GSMA study distinguishes “mobile-connected devices,” which connect directly to a mobile network (usually via a SIM card) from the broader “connected devices” market, which includes “short-range devices” (e..g.., devices using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and/ or other connection technology)..6
The UK regulator OFCOM differentiates between the two related terms:
●● M2M: describing the interconnection (usually via wireless technologies) of devices that would not previously have had the ability to communicate (e..g.., connected cars)..
●● The IoT: a broader term describing the interconnection of multiple M2M applications, often enabling the exchange of data across multiple industry sectors (e..g.., the ability to manage traffic flow, reduce pollution and improve health by combining data from a range of transport, healthcare and environmental sensors)..
Deloitte sees M2M as a category that has become broader over time, encompassing all types of telematics over cellular networks on trucks, smart utility meters, eReaders, tablets and PC modems, but excluding smartphones..7 They suggest that it is inappropriate for M2M to include eReaders, tablets and PC modems since, “although there is the occasional automatic
data upload or download, most of the traffic via these devices is human-initiated and human-observed..” On this basis, Deloitte excludes smart TVs, games consoles and set-top boxes from its predictions.. The research consultancy GP Bullhound agrees that it is the automatic
5 https://www. .abiresearchcom/market..-research/product/1017637-inter-net-of-everything-market-tracker/
6 http://www. .gsmacom/newsroom/press..-release/gsma-announces-the-busi-ness-impact-of-connected-devices-could-be-worth-us4-5-trillion-in-2020/
7 Deloitte (2015).. “Technology, Media and Telecommunications Predictions 2015,” page 6.. Available at: http://www2..deloitte..com/content/dam/Deloitte/ global/Documents/Technology-Media-Telecommunications/gx-tmt-pred15-full-report..pdf
initiation of traffic and data exchange that is the distinguishing feature of M2M..8
The IoT is perhaps best understood as a set of related technologies that can be used together to achieve exciting ends, and it can be defined in terms of its contributing technologies, including the use of sensors, RFID chips, nanotechnologies and identification systems (chips, cards, SIMs), among others.. Overall, IoT and various related technical developments (including convergence, cloud services, data analytics and the proliferation of sensors) are resulting in:
1. greater monitoring and measurement of humans, machines and things; as well as
2. a shift from human-to-human communications
to M2M, something-to-everything, and everything-to-everything communications..
3. Greater and more rapid awareness of and information about status, function, and environment..
These different definitions of M2M, IoT, and what constitutes a “network-enabled device” result in widely varying estimates of the number of connected devices — depending on whether mobile, tablets, PCs, and wearables are included in definitions of ‘connected devices’.. It is unclear whether many of these estimates include wearables..
Gartner predicts that there will be 6..4 billion connected things in use worldwide in 2016..9 However, in mid-2015, Cisco estimated that there were already 15..7 billion “devices connected to the Internet” – including mobile phones, parking meters, thermostats, cardiac monitors, tires, roads, cars, supermarket shelves and many other types of objects..10
8 GP Bullhound Technology Predictions 2015.. Available at: http://www..gpbull-hound..com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/GP-Bullhound-Technology-Predic-tions-2015..pdf
9 http://www. .gartner.com/newsroom/id/3165317.
10 Cisco, Visual Networking Index 2015.. Available at: http://www..cisco..com/c/ en/us/solutions/service-provider/visual-networking-index-vni/index..html
Comparable estimates include:
● 25 billion ‘networked devices’ by 2020 (ITU);11
● 24 billion ‘connected devices’ by 2020 (Machina Research in conjunction with GSMA);12 and
● 26 billion deployed IoT devices by 2020, a thirty-fold increase from 2009 (Gartner)..13
These broad estimates are considerably higher than Analysys Mason’s 2011 prediction that there will be 2..1 billion M2M device connections by 202014, which is based on a narrower definition of M2M..
However, other sources place this figure considerably higher still, including the well-known Ericsson estimate of 50 billion connected devices by 2020, a figure with which the Hamilton Project agrees, after factoring in non-IP connected devices (such as RFID tags).. ABI Research estimates that the installed base of ‘active wireless connected devices’ exceeded 16 billion in 2014, up 20% from 2013, and that it will more than double to 40..9 billion by 2020..15
Based on their definition, Deloitte estimates that IoT hardware could be worth around US$10 billion and IoT services worth around US$70 billion in 2015 alone..16 Anecdotal reports from various firms corroborate the market size and opportunity..17 ABI Research suggests that IoT hardware and connectivity revenues are growing at 10-20% annually, while apps, analytics and services are growing at 40-50% annually.. Based on rapid growth, Gartner estimates that IoT product and service suppliers could generate incremental revenue in excess of US$300 billion by 2020, resulting in US$1 .9 trillion in global economic added value .18 IDC forecasts that the worldwide market for IoT solutions will grow from US$1 .9 trillion in 2013 to US$7 .1 trillion in 2020 .19
The Internet of Things (comprising connected devices and connected environments, such as M2M and M2P) and Big Data are separate, but related, concepts . There is signifi cant overlap between these two concepts, especially where data are collected and transmitted via connected devices and IP (Figure 2 below) . Person-to-person (P2P) communications are direct interactions between individuals, facilitated by IP, such as emails, video conferencing, SMS and phone calls . Machine-to-person (M2P) transactions include machine-generated information communicated to individuals (such as automatic text messages from one’s bank regarding account updates) .
M2M communications include machine-generated data transmitted to other machines that process the data and determine which further actions may need to be taken . For example, onboard vehicle sensors transmit data on engine, transmission and wheel performance to a central processing capacity, which then determines at what point the vehicle may need to be serviced
to prevent a breakdown . Simply put, the IoT involves machine-generated or machine-processed data that are communicated over IP .
11 “ITU Predicts 25 Billion Networked Devices by 2020”, 28 September 2012, http://www..v3..co..uk/v3-uk/news/2207590/itu-predicts-25-billion-networked-devices-by-2020, via ACM TechNews..
12 GSMA, quoted at: http://www..gsma..com/newsroom/press-release/gsma-announces-the-business-impact-of-connected-devices-could-be-worth-us4-5-trillion-in-2020/
13 Gartner, Forecast: The Internet of Things, Worldwide, 2013, at https://www.. gartner..com/doc/2625419/forecast-internet-things-worldwide-
14 S.. Hilton, Imagine an M2M world with 2..1 billion connected things… Analysys Mason, 27 January 2011..
15 https://www. .abiresearchcom/press/the..-internet-of-things-will-drive-wire-less-connect/
16 Page 6, Deloitte (2015), « Technology, Media and Telecommunications Predictions 2015”: http://www2..deloitte..com/content/dam/Deloitte/global/Docu-ments/Technology-Media-Telecommunications/gx-tmt-pred15-full-report..pdf
17 www. .forbes.com/sites/aarontilley/2015/05/15/qualcomm.-the-internet-of-things-is-a-billion-dollar-business/; http://bits..blogs..nytimes..com/2014/10/09/ ge-opens-its-big-data-platform/?_r=0
18 www .gartner .com/newsroom/id/2684616
19 www .idc .com/getdoc .jsp?containerId=prUS24903114
We believe the internet of things will be a huge component for change in the very near
future and intend to apply it as an important part of our proprietary "Custom-Cooperatives". Here is a full report from the United Nations on the importance of the Internet of Things in the Agriculture Production in Developing Countries.
Some interesting information n this subject can be found at:
https://www.itu.int/en/action/broadband/Documents/Harnessing-IoT-Global-Development.pdf
GADBT Helping AdjustSmall Farmholders And The Future
View GalleryThe Internet Of Things Providing Sub-Sistence
Defining the Internet of Things
After more than a decade of debate, discussion and anticipation, the ‘Internet of Things’ (IoT) is finally emerging.. As early as 2005, the ITU noted that the development of the Internet of Things as a function of our hyperconnected world encompassed a set of
technological advances from different fields — specifically, wireless and mobile connectivity, nanotechnology, radio-frequency identification (RFID) and smart sensor technologies.. 1Advances in these technologies, when combined, could help realize a miniaturized, embedded, automated Internet of connected devices communicating regularly and relatively effortlessly.. 2 Today, governments, businesses, and consumers are using the IoT and Big Data to introduce new business models, to improve the delivery of services, to increase efficiency in production, and to enhance wellbeing
and human welfare.. As with many other technologies, vendors, implementers, operators, policy-makers and regulators aim to maximize the benefits of deployment while minimizing potential risks to security and privacy..
Widely disparate definitions of the IoT exist.. The ITU has defined the IoT as “a global infrastructure for the information society, enabling advanced services by interconnecting (physical and virtual) things based on existing and evolving interoperable information and communication technologies” (Recommendation ITU-T Y..2060).. 3The IoT clearly includes M2M (referring specifically to communication directly between devices, used in a vast array of applications and for
a variety of purposes 4), but broader definitions of IoT technologies also include ambient intelligence and smart environments..
1 ITU (2005).. “ITU Internet Report 2005: The Internet of Things..” Available at: www..itu..int/osg/spu/publications/internetofthings/ and www..itu..int/osg/spu/publi-cations/internetofthings/InternetofThings_summary..pdf..
2 Opinion is divided on how many of these connected devices really need to interconnect and communicate with each other at any point of time.. Some commentators suggest only 2% of devices need to communicate (for a specific purpose).. The ‘smart environment’ vision foresees nearly all devices within an ‘environment’ communicating..
3 ITU-T Recommendation Y..2060, note, s..8..4..
4 For example, Vodafone has defined M2M as “remote wireless data inter-change between two or more devices or a central station that allows remote monitoring and control of devices and processes..” See Vodafone press release on 29 April 2010.. “M2M : A new way of working..” Available at: http://enterprise.. vodafone..com/insight_news/2010-04-29_a_new_way_of_working..jsp
For example, ABI Research separates the “digital-first” domain (e..g.. PCs and mobile devices, designed mainly as digital devices) from the “physical-first” domain (e..g.. humans and other, hitherto unconnected “things”)..
ABI Research also notes that despite the ongoing convergence of these two distinct domains, there is still only one overarching Internet through which the domains connect..5 A 2012 Machina-GSMA study distinguishes “mobile-connected devices,” which connect directly to a mobile network (usually via a SIM card) from the broader “connected devices” market, which includes “short-range devices” (e..g.., devices using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and/ or other connection technology)..6
The UK regulator OFCOM differentiates between the two related terms:
●● M2M: describing the interconnection (usually via wireless technologies) of devices that would not previously have had the ability to communicate (e..g.., connected cars)..
●● The IoT: a broader term describing the interconnection of multiple M2M applications, often enabling the exchange of data across multiple industry sectors (e..g.., the ability to manage traffic flow, reduce pollution and improve health by combining data from a range of transport, healthcare and environmental sensors)..
Deloitte sees M2M as a category that has become broader over time, encompassing all types of telematics over cellular networks on trucks, smart utility meters, eReaders, tablets and PC modems, but excluding smartphones..7 They suggest that it is inappropriate for M2M to include eReaders, tablets and PC modems since, “although there is the occasional automatic
data upload or download, most of the traffic via these devices is human-initiated and human-observed..” On this basis, Deloitte excludes smart TVs, games consoles and set-top boxes from its predictions.. The research consultancy GP Bullhound agrees that it is the automatic
5 https://www. .abiresearchcom/market..-research/product/1017637-inter-net-of-everything-market-tracker/
6 http://www. .gsmacom/newsroom/press..-release/gsma-announces-the-busi-ness-impact-of-connected-devices-could-be-worth-us4-5-trillion-in-2020/
7 Deloitte (2015).. “Technology, Media and Telecommunications Predictions 2015,” page 6.. Available at: http://www2..deloitte..com/content/dam/Deloitte/ global/Documents/Technology-Media-Telecommunications/gx-tmt-pred15-full-report..pdf
initiation of traffic and data exchange that is the distinguishing feature of M2M..8
The IoT is perhaps best understood as a set of related technologies that can be used together to achieve exciting ends, and it can be defined in terms of its contributing technologies, including the use of sensors, RFID chips, nanotechnologies and identification systems (chips, cards, SIMs), among others.. Overall, IoT and various related technical developments (including convergence, cloud services, data analytics and the proliferation of sensors) are resulting in:
1. greater monitoring and measurement of humans, machines and things; as well as
2. a shift from human-to-human communications
to M2M, something-to-everything, and everything-to-everything communications..
3. Greater and more rapid awareness of and information about status, function, and environment..
These different definitions of M2M, IoT, and what constitutes a “network-enabled device” result in widely varying estimates of the number of connected devices — depending on whether mobile, tablets, PCs, and wearables are included in definitions of ‘connected devices’.. It is unclear whether many of these estimates include wearables..
Gartner predicts that there will be 6..4 billion connected things in use worldwide in 2016..9 However, in mid-2015, Cisco estimated that there were already 15..7 billion “devices connected to the Internet” – including mobile phones, parking meters, thermostats, cardiac monitors, tires, roads, cars, supermarket shelves and many other types of objects..10
8 GP Bullhound Technology Predictions 2015.. Available at: http://www..gpbull-hound..com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/GP-Bullhound-Technology-Predic-tions-2015..pdf
9 http://www. .gartner.com/newsroom/id/3165317.
10 Cisco, Visual Networking Index 2015.. Available at: http://www..cisco..com/c/ en/us/solutions/service-provider/visual-networking-index-vni/index..html
Comparable estimates include:
● 25 billion ‘networked devices’ by 2020 (ITU);11
● 24 billion ‘connected devices’ by 2020 (Machina Research in conjunction with GSMA);12 and
● 26 billion deployed IoT devices by 2020, a thirty-fold increase from 2009 (Gartner)..13
These broad estimates are considerably higher than Analysys Mason’s 2011 prediction that there will be 2..1 billion M2M device connections by 202014, which is based on a narrower definition of M2M..
However, other sources place this figure considerably higher still, including the well-known Ericsson estimate of 50 billion connected devices by 2020, a figure with which the Hamilton Project agrees, after factoring in non-IP connected devices (such as RFID tags).. ABI Research estimates that the installed base of ‘active wireless connected devices’ exceeded 16 billion in 2014, up 20% from 2013, and that it will more than double to 40..9 billion by 2020..15
Based on their definition, Deloitte estimates that IoT hardware could be worth around US$10 billion and IoT services worth around US$70 billion in 2015 alone..16 Anecdotal reports from various firms corroborate the market size and opportunity..17 ABI Research suggests that IoT hardware and connectivity revenues are growing at 10-20% annually, while apps, analytics and services are growing at 40-50% annually.. Based on rapid growth, Gartner estimates that IoT product and service suppliers could generate incremental revenue in excess of US$300 billion by 2020, resulting in US$1 .9 trillion in global economic added value .18 IDC forecasts that the worldwide market for IoT solutions will grow from US$1 .9 trillion in 2013 to US$7 .1 trillion in 2020 .19
The Internet of Things (comprising connected devices and connected environments, such as M2M and M2P) and Big Data are separate, but related, concepts . There is signifi cant overlap between these two concepts, especially where data are collected and transmitted via connected devices and IP (Figure 2 below) . Person-to-person (P2P) communications are direct interactions between individuals, facilitated by IP, such as emails, video conferencing, SMS and phone calls . Machine-to-person (M2P) transactions include machine-generated information communicated to individuals (such as automatic text messages from one’s bank regarding account updates) .
M2M communications include machine-generated data transmitted to other machines that process the data and determine which further actions may need to be taken . For example, onboard vehicle sensors transmit data on engine, transmission and wheel performance to a central processing capacity, which then determines at what point the vehicle may need to be serviced
to prevent a breakdown . Simply put, the IoT involves machine-generated or machine-processed data that are communicated over IP .
11 “ITU Predicts 25 Billion Networked Devices by 2020”, 28 September 2012, http://www..v3..co..uk/v3-uk/news/2207590/itu-predicts-25-billion-networked-devices-by-2020, via ACM TechNews..
12 GSMA, quoted at: http://www..gsma..com/newsroom/press-release/gsma-announces-the-business-impact-of-connected-devices-could-be-worth-us4-5-trillion-in-2020/
13 Gartner, Forecast: The Internet of Things, Worldwide, 2013, at https://www.. gartner..com/doc/2625419/forecast-internet-things-worldwide-
14 S.. Hilton, Imagine an M2M world with 2..1 billion connected things… Analysys Mason, 27 January 2011..
15 https://www. .abiresearchcom/press/the..-internet-of-things-will-drive-wire-less-connect/
16 Page 6, Deloitte (2015), « Technology, Media and Telecommunications Predictions 2015”: http://www2..deloitte..com/content/dam/Deloitte/global/Docu-ments/Technology-Media-Telecommunications/gx-tmt-pred15-full-report..pdf
17 www. .forbes.com/sites/aarontilley/2015/05/15/qualcomm.-the-internet-of-things-is-a-billion-dollar-business/; http://bits..blogs..nytimes..com/2014/10/09/ ge-opens-its-big-data-platform/?_r=0
18 www .gartner .com/newsroom/id/2684616
19 www .idc .com/getdoc .jsp?containerId=prUS24903114
